Telomeres are the end of eukaryotic chromosomes and shorten with time. Shortened telomeres cause disease in patients with short telomere syndromes. Cancer cells must activate telomerase to maintain telomeres to overcome senescence or apoptosis due to critically shorttelomeres.Telomere length is often measured by Southern Blot (invented in 1973). This method measures the length of all the telomeres in the cell and does not give quantitative information or information about individual telomere lengths. A quantitative PCR method was developed however it has many problems with reproducibility across different labs. The Single Telomere  Length Analysis (STELA) method and the related Telomere Shortest Length Assay (TeSLA) targets individual telomeres, but the use of high cycles of PCR generates bias for shorter products.Additionally, the use of Southern Blotting in STELA and TeSLA makes these techniques laborious and low-throughput. Currently, Telomere Flow FISH is the accepted clinical method for measuring telomere length. This method is highly reproducible, and can report on a specific cell type, howeverit requires fresh blood samples and is not able to measure archival samples or tissues other than blood. The method uses an average of the telomeres without the ability to report the individual lengths of telomeres. Thus, there are currently no methods that provide an accurate, high throughput, and simple approach for quantifying telomere length.

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