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This invention relates to Redox-Based Reagents for Methionine Bioconjugation, which achieve chemoselective conjugation through redox reactivity. The process involves reacting an N-transfer oxidant with a thioether substrate in an aqueous environment to form a conjugation product. Specifically, Redox-Activated Chemical Tagging (ReACT) strategies are employed for methionine-based protein functionalization. Oxaziridine (Ox) compounds serve as oxidant-mediated reagents for direct functionalization by converting methionine to the corresponding sulfimide conjugation product.

This invention relates to apparatus and methods for producing thermal comfort using two-point or multipoint heating or cooling applied to specific portions of a human body. The system induces a warm or cool sensation over a larger area than where the heating or cooling is directly applied by adjusting the body's neutral temperature setpoints. Increased warming perception from two-point, multipoint, and switching point stimulation causes downward adaptation in the neutral skin temperature of the user. Spot heating and cooling sources operate at higher temperature differences from the skin than area sources, creating a stronger perceived thermal sensation for the same power consumption. This approach can result in power savings and cost savings while improving occupant comfort.

This invention discloses a new class of materials known as Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks (ZIFs). These multivariant ZIFs are composed of transition metal ions (such as Zn or Co) connected by imidazolate linkers in a tetrahedral arrangement, forming three-dimensional crystalline structures. The invention includes methods for synthesizing these ZIFs, enabling precise control over their structural properties, and explores their use in various advanced applications.

This invention introduces an optical sensing platform that utilizes high contrast gratings coupled with surface plasmon polaritons for enhanced detection capabilities. The platform comprises an array of sensors, a laser or broadband light source, and an optical detector. The sensor structure includes a low index support layer, a high contrast grating, a low index spacer, and a thin metal film with a target recognition element. The surface plasmon resonance-based sensor employs surface plasmon waves to detect changes on the sensor surface when a target interacts with the recognition element. Binding of the target to the receptor induces changes in the refractive index of the metal layer, altering the resonance wavelength of the plasmon wave, which is then measured or observed.

The invention pertains to Esoscopic Materials comprised of ordered superlattices of microporous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). These MOF heterolites are engineered to form highly ordered superlattices, enhancing their structural and functional properties. The invention includes methods for manufacturing these MOF heterolites and explores their use in various advanced applications.

The invention introduces a fluidic chip that utilizes a vacuum void to store vacuum potential. This stored vacuum potential is harnessed for controlled microfluidic pumping, mimicking the function of biological vacuum lungs. The system is designed to be portable, making it suitable for various applications where precise fluid control is essential.

The invention involves compositions and methods that deploy ddhNTPs (deoxy-dihydro-nucleoside triphosphates) as immunomodulatory therapeutics. These tools are designed to modulate P2 receptors, act as nucleotidase inhibitors, and have a wide range of applications including host-acting anti-infectives, oncolytics, anti-aging treatments, tissue regeneration, and green pesticides targeting plant P2K receptors. This invention represents a significant advancement in the field of nucleotide-sensing pathway modulation, offering innovative solutions for both medical and agricultural challenges.